Hydroaeronautical apparatus.



O. D. BURNBY.

HYDROAERONAUTIGAL APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED FBB.17, 1913.

1,107,260. Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

3 BHEETB-SHEET 1.

Fig.1.

Ln ss es. inventor C. D. BURNEY.

HYDROAERONAUTIGAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17 1913.

Patented Aug. 18, 1914A LIQVLQSO 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1mm n Em G. D. BURNEY.

HYDROAERONAUTIOAL APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.17,1913.

1,107,2609 Patented Aug. 18, 1914,

v3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

n 865. lnue Mar CHARLES DENNISTON BURNEY, OF KILMEST'ON, ALRESFORD, ENGLANII HYDROAERONAUTICAL APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 18, 1914,

Application filed February 17, 1913. Serial No. 748,939.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES DENNISTON BURNEY, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Dean Holme, Kilmeston, Alresford, in -the county of I'lants, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Hy droaeronautical Apparatus, of which the following is a specificatioiii This invention relates to improvements in or relating to hydroaeronautical apparatus and has for its objectto enhance the stability of such apparatus particularly during certain stages in their transition from the hydrovolant to the aerovo'lant condition.

In the specification which accompanied my patent application filed. on the 14th December, 191:2, Ser. No. 736,836, is described a hydroaeronautical machine wherein the fuselage consists of a water -tight boat-like structure, beneath which are arranged hydropeds furnished with numerous hydroplanes; the latter being arranged inf step formation; that is to say in superposed hori zontal planes, It is connaaratively easy to provide for tliestability of such a machine when lying at rest upon the water or when traveling at a low speed. VVing-warping devices or other stabilizing means may also be brought into operation when the machine has left the water and is launched in flight Intermediate between these two conditions there are,'h0wever, stages during which stability in such apparatus is diflicult to preserve, and my present improvements aredesigned to insure stability during the tran'si tion stages above referred to. v

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 a front elevation illustrating the application of my pres ent' improvements to, by way of example, a machine of the particular character above referred to. .Fig. 3 showsin detail the manner in which certain of the controls are 'interconnected.

Upon the hydropeds a I mount directional rudders Z) which are preferably of the'balanced'type and whereof the controls are so interconnected to the wing-warping controls as to operate simultaneously and in sympathy therewith. Under such conditions, continuity of control for stabilizing purposes as the apparatus leaves the water is secured.

Assuming the apparatus to be traveling over water with the. water rudders 1) immersed, any tendency of the apparatus to list-for example, to starboard'is corrected by so operating the rudders that their thrust exerts a righting couple tending to bring the port side hydroped more directly beneath the body of themachine. A further righting couple is also exerted when the hydropeds a are only partially but unequally immersed, owing to the difference in their respective normal thrusts. A similar eifect is obtainable by the employment of swiveling propellers. It will also be apparent that a like result may beaccomplished' by vary 7 ing the. angle of incidence or the area of the hydroplanes. these several means may accordingly be regarded as equivalent.

Itwill be obvious that stabilizing rudders or equivalent means such as-above referred to are equally applicable to hydroplanes of other types, such as those wherein the hydroplanes are formed as buoyant floats. According tothe present design, the stabilizing rudders Z) are mounted upon inclined axes, the hydropeds being inclined; but it, will be apparent that similar stabilizing effects could be secured with the aidof submerged rudders mounted on vertical or horizontal axes.

Avertically arranged tail hydroped 0 is in addition provided and carries a water rudder d, whereof the function is mainly directional as also a submerged elevator 6;

each of these elements being so interconnected with the corresponding aerial appliances as to operate simultaneously and in sympathy. therewith.

' In Fig.- 3 is illustrated the manner. in which the water stabilizing rudders b' and the wing-warping appliances, the tail water rudder d and the aerial directional rudder, and the water elevator e andthe aerial tailelevatorare respectively interconnected.

The hand-wheel f, rotatably mounted upon the pillar f, is furnished with a drum f about which are wound the cable g, serving by means of the levers g, g. to operate the wing-warping or like aerial stabilizing appliances, and the cable h, serving by means of the levers h, h to control a the water stabilizing rudders carried at the lower extremities of the spindles d.

The pillar f may be vibrated in a longi tudinal vertical plane; the. transverse shaft Z being pivotally mounted as to its extremities in suitable journals or bearings arranged iii For the purpose in view,

the fuselage. To the lovers Z, Z are connected cables m, adapted to actuate the le' vers m, which control the aerial elevator tips a and to the levers Z, Z are also attached cables 0, 0, adapted to actuate the levers u, 0" '\';hich serve to rai e or depress the rod 1). This rod extends dov-inward within the tail hydropcd c and serves to raise or depress the rear edge of the Water elevator v, the latter being pivoied'nrar its leading edge to the foot'of the hydroped c, as illustrated in Fig. 1. In like manner, the cables 7' and 8 are connected to a foot lever 25 and serve respectively to actuate the lever r controlling the aerial directional rudder a and to vibrate the water rud .er (Z, the latter effect being obtained by rotating the rod 1 by means of the lever 72" and thereby. vibrating thewater rudder (Z; this rudder being mounted, toward the lower e. i'cinity of thesaid rod 7) in such a ma that. the latter can be raised or depressed, Without actuating the said rudder (Z.

I claiin: v

1. Ina l1ydroacronautical machine, the herein deserilaal .means for maintaining stability of. the apparatus, particularly during perimls intermediate betlwecn its hydrovolant and aermolant conditions, such means comprising hydropeds which project outwardly and downwardly on either sideof the machine and are furnished with water,

stabilizing planes mounted to vibrate about inclined axes, substantially as settorth;

2,. In a hydro-aeronautical machine furextension from a transverse shaft and carrying at its upper extremity a hand-wheel the transverse shaft bcingn'ioreover provided with two double-arm levers; in combination with an aerial elevator connected to the vdouble-arm levers, an'elevator for use in water connected to the same levers,-aeriallateral stabilizing appliances connected to the hand-Wheel, and stabilizing planes for use in water connected to the same whe'el.

"4. For use .in a hydro-aeronautical machine, the combinatio-n, with a two-arm footbar-pivoted centrally, of an aerial, dir ec' tional rudder mounted upon the tail of the anachine and a direction rudder for use in water mounted towardthe lower extremity of adependent 'hydroped, both the said radders being connected to each of the arms of.

the foot-bar, whereby continuity in direc- .tional control is obtained While passing'from thehydro'volant to the aerovolant condition and vice versa. I

CHARLES DENNISTON BURNEY- W'itnesses;

E. TYLER, E. J.FUSSEIL. 

